Selective credit control is a tool in the hands of Reserve Bank of India
to restrict bank finance against sensitive commodities. These sensitive
commodities generally include:
(i) Food grains i.e.,
cereals and pulses.
(ii) Cotton
textiles, which include cotton yarn, man‑made fibres and yarn and fabrics
made out of man‑made fibres and partly out of cotton yarn and partly out
of man-made fibres.
(iii) Selected
major oil seeds indigenously grown viz. groundnut, rapeseed/mustard, cottonseed,
linseed and castor seed, oils thereof, vanaspati and all imported oils and
vegetable oils.
(iv) Sugar, Gur and
Khandsari.
(v) Raw cotton and kapas.
All these commodities, as would be observed, are of mass consumption and
Government makes all efforts to ensure adequate supply of these commodities in
the free market. The policy, therefore, is to discourage advances against these
commodities as far as possible and the purpose is achieved through ‘Selective
Credit Control’, which has two different aspects as under:
(i) Minimum margin for
lending against security of specified commodities is fixed.
(ii) Ceiling on the level of
credit is fixed.
These steps restrict the overall lending by the banks against these
commodities. Reserve Bank of India also used to stipulate minimum rate of
lending against commodities covered under Selective Credit Control. With
liberalisation in rates of interest announced by Reserve Bank, this stipulation
has since been withdrawn and banks are free to determine rate of interest
w.e.f. 18th October, 1994.
Selective credit control on all the commodities were withdrawn by RBI
with effect from 21st October, 1996 except stipulation of margin on stocks of
sugar as under:
Margin on buffer stock of sugar - Nil
Margin on unreleased stock of levy
sugar - 10%
Margin on unreleased stock of free sale sugar - To be decided by
Banks based on
their
commercial
judgement
The existing practice of Banks’ submitting credit proposals above Rs.100
lacs to Reserve Bank of India for its prior approval under Selective Credit
Control has been discontinued w.e.f. 23.11.2000. Banks me now free to sanction
such credit proposals in terms of their individual loan policies.